Cardiomiopatia hipertrófica transiente em felinos: série de casos

Abstract

Cardiomyopathies are diseases that affect the myocardium, with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) being the most common heart disease in cats, which may be secondary to stressful events. Transient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HTCM) or stress cardiomyopathy is a syndrome that leads to left ventricular hypertrophy in a transient way, little reported in cats, but which, when left untreated, can lead to severe congestive heart failure (CHF) and arterial thromboembolism (ATE). With the constant advancement of veterinary medicine, several diseases have been approached with great success in the small animal medical clinic. Four cases of CMHT in cats were reported, analyzing the pathophysiological aspects of the disease, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Of all reported cases, two developed CHF due to a history of fights or trauma, one developed ATE, and only one was classified as a B2 patient with a history of inhalational anesthesia. All animals were treated with clopidogrel. In cases 1 and 2, due to the visualization of classic signs of CHF, the drugs benazepril and furosemide were associated, in addition to supportive oxygen therapy. Case 1 was the only animal treated with antimicrobials, due to sepsis due to bite wounds. Case 4, on the other hand, due to severe ATE, was associated with another antiplatelet drug, rivaroxaban and tramadol hydrochloride for pain control. The objective of this series of cases, through the analysis of clinical records with similar histories, was to emphasize that, even with few reports in veterinary medicine, CMHT can be common in cats, when properly investigated.