A cadeia de suprimentos sistêmica: uma abordagem holística e regional

Abstract

This study introduces the concept of a Systemic Supply Chain (SSC), a dynamic and continuously evolving system that integrates various entities in society in the pursuit of the chain's survival. The SSC is grounded in the following theoretical perspectives: systems theory, which divides the SSC into three levels - the ecosystem (governments, regulations, unions, etc.), the system itself (the chain), and the subsystem (individual links within the chain); the panarchy perspective of supply chains, which addresses the hierarchy within the chain and the relationship between conservation and renewal; the immunized supply chain, which draws parallels between the SSC and the functioning of the immune system; and the viability of supply chains, which focuses on long-term survival. The SSC provides a lens to view supply chains holistically, regionally, and dynamically, enabling the management of challenges posed by factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic and political instability. In this study, 22 individuals related to the construction industry were interviewed to investigate the participation of the three levels and understand the dynamics of the SSC in overcoming disruptions. The interviewees included a congressman, a State secretary, union representatives, manufacturers of construction products, retailers, professionals, and representatives from construction companies operating in the Triangulo Mineiro region. The findings revealed that the ecosystem is a major influencer within the hierarchy, constantly asserting dominance over the other levels. These levels must deal with challenges such as changes in legislation and regulations, which exert significant pressure on the entire chain, acting at times as a neutralizer of Capabilities or even causing disruptions. To confront these challenges, the chain requires an unexplored Capability called “Legability”, which is the ability to adapt to ecosystem actions that may lead to some form of disruption. Additionally, it was discovered that certain actions by entities, especially those within the ecosystem, can contribute to the occurrence of “Antiapability”, another innovation presented in this study, which involves the induction of practices that inhibit resilience Capabilities. The thesis also presents a framework that demonstrates how the three entities of the SSC work together to enhance resilience and achieve viability.