Avaliação das condições operacionais de um regulador eletromagnético de tensão pelo método dos elementos finitos

Abstract

Voltage variations are one of the most relevant topics when it comes to power quality disturbances. There are several solutions to solve this problem. Devices can be considered into two groups according to their principle of operation. One is based on direct regulation acting directly in the system to regulate voltages. The other is focused on techniques that provide regulation in indirect approaches, like reactive power flow. Focusing on compensators classified as direct voltage regulation, a fully electromagnetic structure was proposed. Its operation is based on a physical structure destined to inject an additive or subtractive level of voltage compensation in series with the feeder that supplies a consumer. The effectiveness of this device has been validated using computer simulation and laboratory experimental arrangements. Despite the promising perspectives of this philosophy, there are still challenges associated with the electromagnetic conditions and magnetization states imposed on its power units. The transformer unit responsible for injecting the compensation voltage deserves special attention, as its primary winding operates with imposed voltage and its secondary winding with imposed current. This specific condition requires knowledge of the state of magnetization to which this unit of the device is subject, aiming to guide measurements for its construction project. The focus of this master's thesis is to establish a strategy that guides the analysis of the electrical and magnetic functionality of the equipment. For this, the models are implemented in the ANSYS Maxwell 3D software, which makes it possible to evaluate, in an integrated way, the electrical and magnetic conditions of the regulator components. For elucidative purposes of the compensator analysis technique, performance studies are carried out through a prototype available in a laboratory environment. Using constructive and parametric information from this device, several performance studies are then carried out aiming to meet the goals established for this dissertation.