Os (des)encontros da ressocialização juvenil em Uberlândia

Abstract

The thesis presented here is part of the debate about adolescent offenders in the Socio-Educational Center of Uberlândia. The research proposal arose as a theme of interest from the contact with them, as a teacher in the unit. In this proximity with the adolescents, it was possible to realize that there is an unquestionable need to re-socialize these youngsters, in order to provide them with new possibilities to build different paths from the ones they had previously chosen. The experience with them made it possible to see that each one of them had their own way of building their values. Even though the socio-educational units aim to promote the re-socialization of offenders between the ages of 12 and 21, it is clear that each adolescent who is received in these institutions sees his deprivation of freedom in a different way. In this study, based on the drawings prepared by the adolescent offenders, when expressing their perspectives about the Youth Education Unit, it was observed that there were several ways of perceiving that place, such as: punishment, protection, and hope. Even though the CSEUB was seen in different ways, it was perceived that vulnerability is something representative in the context of adolescent offenders, since violence and criminality are usually present in their daily lives. The general objective of this thesis was to analyze the resocialization process of adolescent offenders interned in the Uberlândia Socio-Educational Unit. The methodology used was a qualitative approach, using the Phenomenology method and the category Place to analyze the adolescents' perceptions of the Uberlândia Social-Educational Unit. The research had four moments. In the first moment, the documents and authorization for the research were organized, with requests to the Secretary of Public Safety of the State of Minas Gerais and to the Childhood and Youth Court of the District of Uberlândia, being later approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Federal University of Uberlândia. The second step was the bibliographic research, using books, theses, dissertations, scientific articles, monographs, and materials available on the internet, as well as the legislation referring to the theme. This entire collection contributed to the creation of the theoretical and conceptual chapters. The third step was the field research at the Socio-Educational Center of Uberlândia - CSEUB, which took place from February to December 2022. In the fourth moment, the analysis of the data obtained in the field was elaborated, especially the Individual Plan of Attendance - IAP of the adolescents who were deprived of freedom, being 153 from the year 2019 and 54 from the year 2021. The issue of the history of juvenile legislation in Brazil was also a point approached with the purpose of understanding the evolution of the Law in relation to Children and Adolescents. There was also a racial approach, showing through data found that the black population is the majority of adolescents in prison. And finally, there was a discussion about the perception of adolescents in detention in relation to the place of the Social-Educational Unit, highlighting the mismatches in the process of re-socialization.