A expansão do neoextrativismo: um panorama sobre a CFEM e os impactos socioambientais de megaempreendimentos de mineração no Brasil

Abstract

This study aims to analyze to what extent the royalties paid in Financial Compensation for Mineral Exploration by mining mega-projects in Brazil manage to be an efficient consideration for the socio-environmental and economic impacts of neo-extractivism, which can be quantified by Environmental Economic Valuation. Therefore, the work begins with a bibliographic review for the historical context of extractive activity in Latin America and its contemporary version from the expansion of the frontiers of neoextractivism. The constitution of modern mining in the Brazilian case is observed, the presence of mega-enterprises and the economic and socio-environmental impacts entailed. From this, the Financial Compensation for Mineral Exploration is presented, its objectives, collection and transfers so that it is possible to observe the performance of the measure. The study problematizes the approaches that understand the mining activity from the neo-extractivist perspective as being an adequate development model for countries that specialize in primary-export activities, presenting at the end incipient debates on proposals for alternatives to the neo-extractivist model.