Plano de negócios seringal Ehasp por do sol (Uberlândia-MG)

Abstract

The cultivation of rubber trees, better known as heveiculture, has been the target of attention among rural producers and considered as a promising activity, since the internal demand has been largely met by imported rubber. Brazil is insufficient to meet domestic demand, having to import around 54% of its consumption from Asian countries, according to information from ABRABOR (2018). There is great expectation in the growth and consolidation of the cultivation, production and commercialization of natural rubber in the region, as it has land suitable for planting rubber trees. In view of this, the present work has as its central objective to evaluate technical and socioeconomic issues, about the financial viability of this crop in a property in the region of Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais. This property already has other cultures and wanted to include a new culture. The proposal is not just about analyzing its economic viability, but also providing the small producer with precious information that is difficult to access in their daily lives, since they are fully involved in the productive activity, leaving aside good management practices. The proposed methodology for carrying out this analysis was developed through a survey of secondary data involving the rubber production process and primary data of the property obtained through interviews with professionals involved in the processing and commercialization of latex, in addition to the survey of costs implementation and maintenance of a rubber plantation planted in an area of 10 hectares with approximately 500 trees per hectare. The entire development process of this study was based on the guidelines of SEBRA-MG (Brazilian Support Service for Micro and Small Companies of Minas Gerais) for structuring a business plan. The importance of developing a solid plan was emphasized as an essential element of undertaking safely and successfully. In view of this, the business objective, management organization and strategic planning were outlined, with a view to mitigating the risks and uncertainties inherent to the enterprise. According to the IBGE (www.ibge.gov.br), national rubber production jumped from BRL 816,762 thousand reais in 2017 to BRL 1,495,791 thousand in 2021, thus confirming a significant growth in revenue total, where Minas Gerais was left with 125,088 thousand reais in 2021 against 960,053 in the state of São Paulo, ranking as the largest rubber producer in Brazil. Throughout the study, it was possible to verify a high operating cost in the first years and in the cost of production and labor in the tapping, corresponding to approximately 66% of the Effective Operating Cost (EOC) and 57% of the Total Operating Cost. In the constructed scenarios, the financial return was projected for the 15th year of production with the sale of the clot at R$ 3.93 reais, and, in an optimistic scenario for the sale of the clot worth R$ 5.00, the return on investment could occur between the 9th and 10th year of production. The hypothesis of a pessimistic scenario was also worked on, in case the average price of coagulo commercialization drops to the level of R$ 2.40 reais, the investment is not paid, offering high risk for the investor and rural entrepreneur. Some aspects need to be observed so that the rubber tree culture becomes more competitive and allows the rural producer greater profitability, such as investments in training producers and tappers and the use of technologies that are more appropriate for the region. There are countless challenges, however the cultivation of rubber trees in Brazil is promising, and can be a profitable and sustainable activity, in an environment where the prospects for growth of natural rubber in the country are positive, where the expectation is that national production will succeed meet domestic demand.