Solos de baías e salinas no Pantanal do Negro, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Abstract

The Pantanal do Negro is a sub-region of the Pantanal Sul-Matogrossense that presents, like Nhecolândia, a lacustrine system with alkaline water lakes (salinas) and freshwater lakes (baías). Pedological research related to alkaline lakes in this sub-region is unprecedented. The objective of this work was to study the first salina in the Pantanal do Negro, characterize and classify the soils of the alkaline lake and compare them with the soils of freshwater lakes and, from this, expand the understanding of the soils associated with the salinas. Analyzes of the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of the soils, and analysis of electrical conductivity and pH of the waters were carried out. The salina and the baías have very different characteristics from each other, in terms of morphological, physical and, especially, chemical attributes. The salina soils are characterized by alkaline pH, high ISNa values, and higher K and Na contents. While the soils related to the baías have an acidic pH, higher Fe contents and aluminum saturation. Soils associated with the salina can have their formation linked to different phases of sedimentation, combined with the mineral neoformation process.