Uma análise do perfil do emprego no setor de telecom-o caso específico dos egressos do curso de Engenharia Eletrônica e de Telecomunicações da UFU campus Patos de Minas

Abstract

This paper proposes an analysis of the employment profile in the telecommunications sector in recent years, an environment marked by the presence of outsourcing and job instability. This situation has been inherent since the privatization process that took place in the sector in the early 1990s. Therefore, in this research, the historical context and how it operated in the worker's profile are described. For this purpose, four aspects are examined in the Brazilian telecommunications sector by means of the RAIS (Annual Report of Social Information) database: remuneration, length of service, type of contract and gender. In addition, these categories of the employment profile are analyzed with graduates of the Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering course at the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU) - Patos de Minas Campus, by means of a semi-structured questionnaire in order to find out the quality and conditions of their jobs. With this set, important results for Brazil and for the mentioned course were reached. The RAIS research from 2010 to 2021 shows the continuity of the scenario in the country post-privatization for the four categories, besides covering other aspects, such as remuneration per gender, worker per state, and part-time work. The results of the questionnaire survey, on the other hand, point to a similarity with Brazil in relation to gender and remuneration by gender, in which it's highlighted that there is a masculinization in the sector, in which 81% of the graduates are male, and a higher remuneration for this same gender. In relation to the type of contract, length of service and remuneration, a different trend from the one analyzed in Brazil can be noticed. The first shows that 70% of the graduates have a signed contract, and 3% have an outsourced contract. The second shows that the range of length of service highlighted is from 3 months to 2 years and 4 years to 5 years in comparison to the range in Brazil from 2010 to 2021, which is from 6 months to 23.9 months. The third shows mostly high remuneration for the graduates, where 46% of the graduates have a remuneration above 5 minimum wages. Furthermore, the form showed that 69% of the graduates do not follow the telecommunications area, a quantity that can be considered relevant. With this, it's possible to understand the experienced reality of the job profile of each answer acquired.