Sistemas de encaixe utilizados em reabilitações por meio de overdenture sobre implante: revisão de literatura

Abstract

The total loss of dental elements is a debilitating situation, resulting in a decrease in masticatory performance, collapse of maxillomandibular relationships and a negative impact on quality of life. Implant-retained overdentures represent a viable, cost-effective treatment option with good predictability and longevity. Different systems have been effectively used to provide retention to prosthesis, and each system has its particularities. Thus, the objective of this review is to carry out a general approach on the different attachment systems used in rehabilitations through the mucous-supported-implant-retained overdenture. The bibliographical survey was carried out in PubMed, Google academic and Scielo databases. The articles included were clinical and laboratory studies that compared retention systems and that were written in portuguese or english. The keywords used were: overdenture, osseointegrated implants and attachments. The main systems used are: ball or o-ring system, bar-clip, magnetic and resilient extracoronary attachment system. By comparing these different groups, it was observed that the magnetic system presented less resistance to vertical displacement and masticatory function. As for patient satisfaction, overdentures compared to conventional complete dentures promoted better satisfaction. However, regarding the different types of attachments, there were no differences in patient satisfaction. It is concluded that overdentures on implants are a good treatment option and that ball and bar-clip type attachments have better results in terms of biomechanics.