Atividades anti-inflamatórias e antioxidantes de plantas do gênero Eugenia (myrtaceae) em modelos in vivo e in vitro: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

ABSTRACT Plants have been used since ancient times for the production of medicines and treatment of various pathologies in several regions of the world. Considering the biome that each country presents, we can observe that there are numerous effects that can be perceived by different plant species and their products. In this sense, this review was performed, compiling data in the scientific literature on evidence of potential biological effects of plants of the genus Eugenia (Myrtaceae), correlating the phytochemical composition and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action in in vitro and in vivo models. The review used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology, which presents controlled guidelines for the production of systematic reviews. In the virtual platforms Google scholar, Science direct and Pubmed, 20 articles were selected to include the published findings, in vitro and in vivo, reported in the present review. After the literature survey, 9 articles were included that indicated antioxidant activities caused mainly by the compounds present in the ethanolic extract of leaves of Eugenia dysenterica, E. involucrata, and E. uniflora. And 6 articles were included that showed anti-inflammatory activity presented mainly by the action of Eugenol which is the active principle of the essential oil of the dehydrated flower bud of E. caryophyllata. The chemical compounds monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes present in the essential oil of the leaf of E. candolleana and the compounds present in the hydroalcoholic extract and hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions of the leaf of E. Brasiliensis showed this anti-inflammatory effect. The action of both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities was observed with 5 articles that showed the effects mainly with methanolic extracts obtained mostly from E. uniflora leaves. Thus, the present review presents data that corroborate that plants of the genus Eugenia contain compounds that stimulate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The publication of this information allows deepening the relationship between the chemical compounds that are part of the plants of the genus Eugenia, being able to identify unknown biological effects that may participate in different reactions in the human body and perhaps serve as raw material for the sustainable production of pharmaceuticals. In addition, it facilitates the execution of new projects to explore plants of this genus.