Projeto e desenvolvimento de mancais magnéticos ativos de baixo custo

Abstract

This work presents design and experimental data results of a functional rotating machine prototype supported by AMB (Active Magnetic Bearing), whose digital data acquisition and control system was integrally designed using a DSP-microcontroller and other low-cost electronics components. From studies on rotodynamic, AMBs and on control engineering, a computer program for the simplified design of AMBs was improved. Subsequently, the characterization of electronic components with the potential of application in the development and integration of the submodules of the control electronic system was carried out. Then, the three-dimensional mechanical design was executed to get the manufacturing plans and to allow the rotodynamic analysis. In the next step, it was started the design of the analog power controller signal processing sub-module, being necessary to develop a DAC-SPI submodule (hardware and firmware) due to the limitation of the number of DAC outputs available on the DSP-microcontroller. With all the manufactured/acquired mechanical and electronic components in hand, the integration of the mechanical parts and the electronic control module, began. Once functional, experimental control tests of the prototype began from the PID parameters simulated through a numerical/computational model in a MATLAB®/Simulink environment. In addition to the results presented in this work, videos were recorded, and in one of them, with the prototype operating at 1200 RPM, the control system was turned off, being observed high rumors due to the impacts of the shaft bushing of the safety limiting bearing. After restarting the control system, the machine resumes operation without any rumors. Although improvements could be done in the prototype tested, the results obtained are encouraging and it is possible to say that the objective of to design and built a functional rotating machine supported by AMB from low cost electronic submodules, and without using high cost hardware like DSA and controllers, was achieved, and constitutes the main contribution of this work.