Efeitos da intervenção fisioterapêutica e educação em saúde na preparação para o parto sobre a expectativa das gestantes: ensaio clínico controlado randomizado

Abstract

Introduction: During the gestational period, the mother creates expectations for labor, since the pregnancy itself and the expectations raised in relation to the birth and the baby during this period can influence the way in which the birth will be experienced. The professional physiotherapist can be inserted in this context by promoting health education during the prenatal period and providing guidance on physical exercises. This professional has the important function of guiding and making women aware so that they develop their full potential, which will be required at this time, making them safe and confident, considering that the role of the physiotherapist is a stimulating factor for women to become aware that your active body can be a tool to facilitate the process of pregnancy and labor. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a physiotherapeutic intervention via teleservice through training that associates exercises and guidance in health education versus guidance in health education on the expectations of pregnant women for childbirth. Method: This is an observational, experimental, randomized controlled clinical trial. It was carried out through teleservice. Primiparous women between 24 and 30 weeks of gestation were included. Pregnant women were randomly allocated into two groups: Group 1 - exercises and guidance on health education and Group 2 - guidance on health education. Eight sessions were held in both groups of up to 10 pregnant women, consisting of health guidelines on pregnancy, gestational physiology, deliveries, postpartum and, only in group 1, training with exercises aimed at sensory discovery, functional and training for the labor. Before and after the interventions, the Childbirth Anticipation Questionnaire (QAP) was applied to assess the expectations of these pregnant women in relation to childbirth. Results: Forty-three pregnant women were included in the study. After randomization, 22 pregnant women were in group 1 and 21 in group 2. When analyzing the values of the QAP questionnaire, no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups before or after the remote intervention (p>0.05). Conclusion: Although the practice of physical exercise and health education for pregnant women is recommended by other studies, in this present study, no significantly relevant difference was found between teleservice with health education and teleservice with health education and physiotherapeutic body perception exercises. for childbirth when related to the expectations of pregnant women for childbirth.