Influência do exercício físico na síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono: revisão narrativa

Abstract

Sleep is a natural and reversible state in which there is a decrease in response to external stimuli and then the individual's loss of consciousness, being essential for human well-being. The quality of sleep can be affected by disorders that directly impact the quality of life of human beings. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep disorder with diverse consequences, such as drowsiness, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Several studies were and are carried out in order to explore physical exercise as a form of treatment for OSAS and its consequences. This narrative review was carried out with the objective of searching for studies that used resistance exercises as a form of treatment to reduce the signs and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. 166 articles were found within the Scielo, BVS and Pubmed databases. Of the articles found, only 3 were within the inclusion criteria being included within this narrative review. Even though specific criteria are not necessary for the construction of a narrative review, it was decided to use them to enrich the research and develop future studies. The articles found showed that resistance exercise is capable of reducing the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) after the interventions performed, however, one study did not show significant differences. Resistance exercise also made improvements in some aspects related to the quality of wakefulness, such as drowsiness and fatigue. Even with the results presented, it is necessary to encourage and research the subject due to possible limitations such as intervention time, number of volunteers and training volume.