Poluição do ar

Abstract

Air pollution is not a recent problem and exists in all scales: local, urban, regional, continental and global. It is dependent of the quantity of disperseds pollutants, which they can be particulate matter or gasesous, of chemical, physical or biological origin, they are primary, when lanched to the environment directly from a pollution source, or secondary, when some non-polluting componente of the atmosphere reacts with a primary pollutant, forming another pollutant. The impacts of air pollution reach mainly the human health, causing respiratory deseases, the vegetation, through visible and non-visible symptoms, the materials and structures, with the reaction of acid rain, and the visibility, with the formation of haze. Besides, the air pollution is responsable for global warming and for the hole in the ozone layer. Preventing human health, animal, vegetation and material damages, must be observed carefully the air pollution, through cycles, and make proper control, following the standards established by the responsible bodies in every country. In order to make air pollution control it’s needed to do an air sampling before, analysing it and making measurements. These analysis, as the methods of control, vary to particulate pollutants and gaseous pollutants, depending on the need, quantity and characteristics of the pollutant being controlled.