Geopolímero à base de metacaulim com incorporação de resíduo de polimento de placas de vidro: análise por meio da propagação de onda ultrassônica

Abstract

The construction industry explores and uses natural materials, causing degradation and environmental impact, both in the extraction of these materials and in the use and disposal of waste. On the other hand, the civil construction market has, in its history, great capacity to add new technologies in its scope, mainly renewable, where the objective is the use of alternative materials and/or reuse of materials. Geopolymers have stood out for their great effectiveness for this purpose, adding quality to new materials and proving to be economically viable. For the synthesis of the geopolymer, two types of materials are needed: the raw material (base material) and the alkaline solution, responsible for the activation of the geopolymer. The present research aims at the synthesis and evaluation of a geopolymer from metakaolin and waste glass as a base material, activated by sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide, studied in different proportions of solution. From the non-destructive ultrasound test, it was possible to study the physical characteristics of the geopolymer and its mechanical properties. The results obtained demonstrate that the geopolymer based on 100% metakaolin proved to be the best alternative for the physical characteristics. Despite this, the analysis regarding the use of waste glass was satisfactory, and it can be observed that waste glass can be incorporated with a range of 0% - 12% without significant loss of the properties studied. In addition, the interaction between glass residue and age has been shown to be significant. Furthermore, the activator/precursor rate proved to be the most significant variable, verifying that the most effective results found correspond to the decrease in the A/P rate, from an observed value of 0.54.