Análise produtiva e dos custos de produção do lambari-do-rabo-amarelo (Astyanax bimaculatus)

Abstract

The lambaris-do-rabo-amarelo (Astyanax bimaculatus) are native fishes, with high rusticity that differs by the yellowish color of their tail and dorsal fins. Studying the economic feasibility and production costs are crucial points to the success of a production, providing tools for possible improvements, adequacy of planning and taking advantage of the opportunities. For the study of the viability of production of lambaris in the Pisciculture Sector of Federal University of Uberlândia (Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU), equipped with earth ponds, data regarding the production of these animals was used and collected at the site between October 01, 2020, and September 30, 2021. Two scenarios were analyzed, where in Scenario 1 the costs of labor and energy are considered, and in Scenario 2 the costs of labor and electric power are disregarded, with the payment of 10% administrative fee under the receipts to the Fundação de Desenvolvimento Agropecuário, as actually occurs in the place. The creation of lambaris with a density of 80 animals/m² resulted in the sale of 212,209 thousand, with individuals weighing 12g by the end of the cycle. Total Operating Costs were R$58,575.28 (Scenario 1) and R$34,830.26 (Scenario 2) and Total Production Costs were R$64,461.06 (Scenario 1) and R$41,269.07 (Scenario 2), while Gross Margin totaled R$7,700.73 in Scenario 1 and R$31,445.75 in Scenario 2. According to the break-even point calculation, a minimum production of 207.194 individuals would be required in Scenario 1 and 46356 in Scenario 2, to cover the costs. Considering a Minimum Attractive Rate of 2.02% per year, scenario 1 obtained R$6,359.65 less than the minimum expected and scenario 2 obtained R$17,300.81 more than the minimum expected. Finally, the result of the Marginal Cost-Benefit Analysis was - R$5,057.54 in Scenario 1 and R$18,134.45 in Scenario 2. Considering the negative results of economic indicators and that costs were higher than profits, production can be considered unviable in Scenario 1 and viable in Scenario 2, due to the positive results within the period studied.