Ação antibiofilme de extratos naturais frente a Staphylococcus aureus: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus has several virulence factors that contribute to the installation and maintenance of the infectious process. In addition, it hinders the action of antimicrobials, compromising treatment and impacting morbidity and mortality rates. The ability to form a biofilm, a community of microorganisms attached to a surface and surrounded by a polymeric extracellular matrix, stands out among the virulence factors. Due to the growing number of resistant isolates, there is an increasing interest in the development and/or discovery of products with antimicrobial action, with emphasis on natural compounds, which medicinal action has already been proven. Objectives: the study aims to carry out an integrative review of the action of natural compounds in the inhibition of biofilm formation by S. aureus. Methodology: The bibliographic survey was carried out from September to November 2021, in the Pubmed and CAPES Periodicals Portal databases, using Science and Health Descriptors: biofilm and extracts, anti biofilm activity of natural extracts, biofilm and S. aureus and natural extracts, biofilm and Gram positive and natural extracts, anti biofilm and Gram positive and natural extracts. Articles available in full, published from 2019 to 2021 were selected for analysis. Results: The search resulted in 336 articles, of which 42 met the inclusion criteria and were totally analyzed. Among the plant species used in the studies, Quercus alba L. (1µg/mL- 50%) Zygophyllum coccineum L. (3.9 μg/ml) Hypericum lydium (8μg/ml ± 59%) and Nigella sativa (8µg/mL± 90%) even at low concentrations of extracts (less than 10μg/ml) significantly inhibited biofilm formation by S. aureus. Conclusion: We concluded that natural compounds from different regions of the world have antibiofilm action against S. aureus.