Casos de suicídios e tentativas de suicídio atendidos em um Hospital Universitário em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

Abstract

Suicide is found in a currently alarming scenario, affecting people of all ages, and which involves great psychological distress. Becoming a serious public health problem in the world and needing a high priority for its prevention. Suicide is a phenomenon that ranges from motivation and its ideation of self-extermination, to the planning of the act, the attempt and the death. The present study aims to trace the epidemiological profile of deaths and suicide attempts, admitted to a University Hospital in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, between the years 2011 to 2017. This is an epidemiological, descriptive and approach study, quantitative analysis, in which the deaths and suicide attempts of the patients' medical files were analyzed, provided by the Nosology sector of HC / UFU. Using the variables: year, month, day of the week, period of the day, sex, age, race and agent / mode used. A total of 577 suicide attempts and 33 suicide deaths were included in this study, with a total of 461 medical records analyzed. The average suicide mortality rate at this University Hospital was 0,73 / 100,000 inhabitants. The data showed that women (56,85%) make more suicide attempts than men (43,15%), with the age of 30 to 39 years prevailing (31,02%), with self-poisoning by anticonvulsant medications (35,53%) the most used method for suicide attempts. The years with the highest incidence were 2012 (21,32%) and 2013 (21,14%), with August (10,92%) and November (10,23%) being the months with the highest number of attempts, and the afternoon (38,99%) being the most relevant period of the day. With regard to deaths by suicide, we have a greater predominance among men (87,88%) than among women (12,12%), with predominant ages between 20 to 29 years (27,27%), with hanging (24, 24%) the most used means of suicide. The years 2011 and 2014 had the highest percentage of reported deaths (21,21%), with prevalence in the months of May (18,18%), and the period of the day being the night (39,39%). The most prevalent day of the week for suicide attempts (16,64%) and deaths (27,27%) was Sunday. And the white race was the most prevalent both in attempts (58,06%) and in deaths by suicide (60,61%). It is observed in this study that women make more suicide attempts than men, however they present the highest number of deaths, as they use more aggressive methods. As a result, in addition to being a public health problem, it becomes a sociocultural problem.