Efeito do mat pilates nas respostas da reatividade da pressão arterial sobre o estresse psicológico: comparação entre mulheres normotensas e hipertensas na pós-menopausa

Abstract

Introduction: Blood pressure reactivity during psychological stress is related to the development of high blood pressure, which can be used as an assessment to help control hypertension. Postmenopausal women are more prevalent in developing hypertension, physical exercise can prevent and treat hypertension, among them Pilates seems to be a good option to provide quality of life and health in postmenopausal women. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare blood pressure reactivity to psychological stress and resting blood pressure in hypertensive (HT) and normotensive (NT) postmenopausal women after 12 weeks of Mat Pilates exercise training. . Methods: Forty-seven postmenopausal women participated in the study (24 NT and 23 HT) (age: NT = 57.8 ± 4.4 years, HT = 58.9 ± 5.2 years). The intervention was performed using the Mat Pilates method, for a 12 week. Blood pressure reactivity was measured three times during the Stroop test using the auscultatory method. Resting systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure was measured using the automatic monitor OMRON HEM-7113 after 15 minutes of rest in a sitting position. Statistics performed with normality test by Shapiro-Wilk and Levene homogeneity. Data comparison was performed using the ANOVA (two-way) test for variables in relation to time (T), group (G) and time-group (I) interaction, and the Newman Keuls post-hoc test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: After 12 weeks of Mat Pilates, the hypertensive group reduced their BP reactivity to stress, showing an interaction (p = 0.036) in the SBP delta, whereas in the DBP delta, in addition to the interaction (p = 0.001) there were differences in T (p = 0.003), and in the MAP delta there were also differences in T (p = <0.001) and I (p = <0.001). In the normotensive group, no significant differences were found in BP reactivity to stress. Both groups had a reduction in BP at rest after training, with a significant difference in time in the variables SBP at rest (p = <0.001), in DBP at rest (p = <0.001) and in MAP (p = <0.001). In HR at rest there were no differences in both groups. Conclusion: The 12-week training with Mat Pilates method was able to reduce resting blood pressure in postmenopausal women regardless of the presence of arterial hypertension. Furthermore, hypertensive women showed better reductions in blood pressure reactivity to psychological stress after this training compared to normotensive women.