Trabalhadores de aplicativo em face a ideologia do empreendedorismo: entre a adesão e a contestação

Abstract

The material and ideological dimensions of capitalism present, throughout history, intense and profound modifications, which act to perpetuate the capitalist organization of labor. From the process of rational organization of work, known as Scientific Management, one observes, in a more concrete way, the ways in which the worker loses control over his own work. This process follows its course with the process of productive restructuring, which inaugurates the so-called flexible capitalism, strongly anchored in a neoliberal rationality and the ideology of entrepreneurship. Nowadays, with the changes triggered by the process of productive restructuring, associated with the advancement of the so-called Information and Communication Technologies (ICT’s), there is a transformation of the mode of control, organization and regulation of work, which becomes "managed" often by apps and platforms. To elucidate one of the main phenomena of this process, Uberization, this study aimed not only to understand how the platforms sell the idea that the worker is a partner and "boss of himself" how to understand, from the point of view of uberizated workers, how they relate to this ideology, how they adhere to it and how they challenge it. The methodology included a content analysis of the narrative of the app’s companies and the conduct of semi-structured interviews with deliverers and application drivers. The results of the research show that the workers' adherence to the ideology of entrepreneurship is permeated by contradictions and that the capture of the subjectivity of them, desired by capital, is partial and full of cleavages.