Monitoramento da taxa de mortalidade por câncer de mama no Brasil

Abstract

Cancer represents a major public health problem worldwide, in Brazil, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in all regions. The objective of this research is to apply the methodology of control charts in monitoring the monthly breast cancer mortality rate in Brazil, available in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The research used indicators of mortality in patients with breast cancer and registered in SINAN, in the period from January 2017 to June 2021 in Brazil. The conditions of normality and independence have been checked, and the control charts can be applied. The control chart individual measures and moving range (X and AM) and the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) chart were used. Phase 1 data from January 2017 to December 2020 and phase 2 data from January 2021 to June 2021 were evaluated. In phase 1, in the X and AM chart, the rate of death from breast cancer was out of control, after evaluation and exclusion of points outside the limits, the process was in a situation of statistical control, and the parameters of the process under control. In phase 2, the X and AM chart issued a warning signal in March 2021 and April 2021, respectively. Phase 1 of the EWMA chart used the same historical data in control and the respective parameters already established in phase 1 of the X and AM chart. In phase 2 the EWMA chart did not issue any warning signal, the parameters used were k = 2,7 and λ = 0,1. Both charts have proven adequate for monitoring the breast cancer mortality rate.