Estudo hipotético de propagação de onda ruptura da Barragem do Reservatório Bom Jardim em Uberlândia - MG

Abstract

A dam burst event can cause major disasters, especially if the area downstream of the dam has been urbanized. Over the years several dams have burst, causing various disasters and killing thousands of people.To evaluate the behavior of the flood wave along the downstream side of the Bom Jardim reservoir dam, located in the southern region of the city of Uberlândia-MG, such as analyzing the depth and maximum velocity, as well as determining the development time of the rupture wave, several simulations were performed using the HEC-RAS 6.0 software, using a base terrain created by digitizing contour lines from the SURFER software. The simulations were performed analyzing piping and overtopping phenomena, comparing the different breach opening parameters obtained through empirical equations. For the simulations, it was necessary to make a rainfall-seepage transformation with the maximum recorded precipitation of 147, with a contribution basin of 398 km². From the data obtained with the equation of "FROELICH (2008) " that registered the highest peak flow, reaching 661.17 m³/s, flood maps were generated evaluating which inhabited areas would be affected by the rupture. The influence of the topography of the downstream area was also verified, since the waterfall present downstream of the dam had a great contribution in creating a damming area that was able to reduce a velocity of more than 300 m/s, thus reducing the destructive potential of the event. From the time of arrival map, it was found that the time for the wave to travel the path to that control point 9.8 km from the dam was 13 hours in addition to estimating the time of arrival of the wave front to inhabited areas.