Conferências nacionais de promoção a cidadania LGBTQIA+: análise das propostas e das políticas públicas aprovadas em prol de uma sociedade igualitária

Abstract

The promotion of citizenship and public policies for LGBTQIA+ present diversified and changeable paths in the context of struggle and search for guaranteeing the rights of this community. Understanding this context of struggles to guarantee citizenship, as a geographer, requires an understanding of the bases of citizenship, its constituent elements. In this way, we draw a dialogue between geography, citizenship and human rights in order to understand these processes separately and their mutual implications. Thus, we understand that geography is the science that studies the stage where citizenship materializes, studies the territorialization of State policy matters on space. Human rights and citizenship, commonly confused as one, complement each other, and from rights it is possible to have citizenship. In Brazil in the 80's and 90's, many attempts to propose laws and policies were inferred to the legislature, aimed at the LGBTQIA+ community, the main one being the attempt to insert gender identity and sexual orientation in the 1988 "Citizen Constitution", having no success as a result. In the 2000s, a new moment began for the LGBTQIA+ population, when in 2008 the first “National Conference for the Promotion of LGBTQIA+ Citizenship” was held. Conferences were held in 2008, 2011 and 2016 as one of the tools to promote citizenship and rights for this population, presenting proposals for policies and paths for citizenship to assert itself. Our objective is to bring an analysis of these conferences, pointing out the paths and changes that took place between one conference and another, in order to understand the directions of the proposals. Thus, a comparative table was built, where the proposals brought at the conferences are represented and based on them we can carry out the analysis. As part of the analyses, we focus on two aspects that are inherent to LGBTQIA+ citizenship, which are more problematic and mediatic, safety and health. Within our analysis, we sought to present more recent data on the status of issues that were proposed at the conferences. After the analysis we seek to present the policies that were implemented after the conferences, so we present some of the many policies that have been made in the last 23 years, focusing mainly on federal policies. As a result, we observed that the conference policies underwent significant changes from one to the other. We note that the first conference (2008) is more introductory and presents basic issues of the lgbt universe. We note that at the third conference (2016) the proposals are made to be intersectoral and interdisciplinary, unlike the others. The health and safety policies had changes not only in the approved proposals of the conferences, but also in the public policies already implemented. We conclude that conferences are a great way to promote policy for the LGBTQIA+ population, who are highly marginalized. We understand that even with data and information about the problems experienced by LGBTQIA+, much has to be done to change the population's mentality about our demands.