Utilização de mamógrafos nas micro e macrorregiões mineiras

Abstract

Breast cancer (malignant breast cancer) is one of the world’s main public health problems, and is often diagnosed in females and late. This late diagnosis directly influences the success of the treatment, decreasing the possibility of cure of the disease and survival of the woman. In order to reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer, several public policies were implemented that encourage early detection and screening of the disease. This screening is performed through Self-examination, Clinical Breast Examination, and mainly by Mammography. Mammography is an examination that provides the emission of X-rays in the breast tissue, through the mammograph. However, in order to obtain a quality test and with high accuracy, it is necessary the calibration and preventive/corrective maintenance of this equipment, and in addition, the operation of this equipment by a qualified professional. This project aims at the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the number of mammographs in the Supplementary Health System (SSS) and the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), the number of examinations performed, and the number of deaths due to the disease, in the micro and macro-regions of Minas Gerais. The survey was carried out manually through the data available by the CNES (National Registry of Health Establishments) and TABNET for the year 2019, based on the PDR-MG (Master Plan of Minas Gerais). As a result, it could be observed that Minas Gerais presents macro-regions with optimal equipment coverage and corroborates the criteria of public health ordinances. However, there are micro-regions, especially in the macro-Northeast, which still require attention and equipment acquisition to reduce the number of deaths from the disease, especially in women. From the analyses, we can conclude that only the acquisition of equipment does not necessarily imply in the performance of the tests, besides that there is no guarantee that they are calibrated. It is important to emphasize that there are regions that need more attention to the female sex, availability of more equipment for the scope of SUS and investment in the training of professionals able to perform the examination.