Avaliação in vitro da influência da espessura cortical óssea na estabilidade primária em implantes convencionais e de tamanho curto

Abstract

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of cortical thickness on the primary stability of short and conventional implants with two types of prosthetic connection. Seventy-two implants were used. These implants were placed in polyurethane blocks that simulated low density bone tissue (bone type IV), with two bone cortical heights (bone type I): 1mm and 3mm. The implants were divided into 6 groups (n = 12), according to the type of prosthetic connection (external hexagon-HE and morse cone-CM) and implant sizes (conventional: 4x10mm; short: 5x5mm; 5.5x5mm; 5x6mm ; 5.5x6mm). The insertion torque (TI) and resonance frequency (FRA) analyzes were performed to assess the primary stability of the implants. All implants installed in blocks with 3mm of cortical thickness showed higher TI than those installed in 1mm. Short-size CM implants had a higher TI than conventional implants of the same connection. Short-size HE implants showed less TI than short-size CM implants in blocks with 3 mm cortical. In blocks with 1 mm of cortical, conventional HE implants had a higher TI compared to short-sized HE implants. Conventional sized implants showed higher FRA values ​​despite the cortical thickness in the blocks. The greater thickness of the cortical bone and the size of the implants provide greater primary stability of the implants regardless of the prosthetic connection.