Grafite como arte mediadora de discussões sobre a natureza da ciência: uma proposta do projeto Nos Muros da Ciência para Licenciandos em Química

Abstract

The inclusion of discussions about the Nature of Science (NOS.) in basic education, influences significantly the teaching and learning processes of science, as it implies in a teaching in which, beyond to the techniques and products produced and used by science, teach and learns about science, once from N.o.S. promotes, among other things, the understanding of how science is developed and how scientific knowledge is used, approaching beyond the relations between theory and practice, social order issues, cultural, political and religious acceptance or rejection of scientific ideas. With this in mind, this work presents a research made with undergraduate chemistry students, during one of the actions carried out by the “Nos Muros da Ciência” project, which aims to provide, based on works of a marginalized art - graffiti, discussions about Nature of Science (NOS) within basic education. Seeking to know the potential of the images produced within the scope of the project for the insertion of discussions on NOS. in science teaching activities at school, a qualitative research was made aiming at capturing the meaning of the problem investigated from the perspective of the participants of a workshop held with students inscribed in the History of Chemistry discipline of a degree course at a public university. The study started from the exhibition of the drawings produced by the project’s author to the research participants, and served as a starting point to capture the participants' perceptions about the images and aspects related to NOS. It’s worth mentioning that these drawings were painted with techniques applied on the graffiti art, a marginalized art by society due to his peripheral roots. The students' speeches were recorded, capturing the reflections and discussions caused by the graffiti exposure, which were subsequently analyzed using the content analysis method. These statements were associated with the deformed views of scientific work that already have been extensively studied by his literature’s area and also served as inspiration for the creation of the project’s drawings. In this analysis, aspects were found in the participant’s speeches that involved different related aspects, among others, the historicity, non-neutrality, subjectivity and objectivity of the subjects and the production of science itself. Thus, the graffiti produced was characterized as a material with the potential to provide discussions on different aspects about NOS and can be used in further actions of the “Nos Muros da Ciência” project.