Características clínico-patológicas e tratamento do ameloblastoma unicístico: relato de caso

Abstract

The ameloblastoma is an epithelial benign odontogenic tumor which is locally invasive, slow-growing and presents considerable recidive rates. It is considered the most clinically relevant benign odontogenic tumor, currently being classified as “ameloblastoma”, “unicystic ameloblastoma”, “peripheral or extraosseous ameloblastoma” and “metastatic ameloblastoma”. Unicystic type is the second most prevalent ameloblastoma, occurring in approximately 15% of all ameloblastomas, showing specific characteristics, especially in younger patients. The aim of this study is to clarify the characteristics of this type of ameloblastoma, presenting the case report of a young patient affected by the tumor in the jaw, highlighting clinical, imaginological, histopathological, therapeutic and prognostic aspects involved. In this case, the chosen treatment was, initially, the marsupialization of the lesion and posteriorly the enucleation with peripheral ostectomy and tooth extraction involved. This treatment option has shown good results, decreasing the patients damage when properly indicated, for this, an early and assertive diagnosis is essential, associating clinical and histopathological characteristics. The patient keeps on careful follow-up, since the proliferation pattern of the mural type requires greater attention given its greater possibility of recidive.