Matopiba: desenvolvimento rural em uma nova fronteira agrícola

Abstract

In the last decades, with the expansion of the agricultural frontier towards the North/ Northeast of Brazil, there was a growth in grain production and an improvement in economic indicators. However, many studies have shown that the results are not translated into better living conditions and inclusion of the local population. This thesis sought to analyze the different dimensions of rural development and the dynamics of the expansion of agribusiness in the territory of Matopiba. To corroborate the analysis, in addition to bibliographic, documentary research and on-site visits, Factor Analysis (FA) was used to enable the construction of a development index that allows understanding the degree of development of the municipalities that compose Matopiba. The FA model had a satisfactory overall adequacy and pointed to the presence of reduced correlations between the procedure variables (Bartlett's test of sphericity and KMO). This means that the total explained variance was greater than 0.70 of the total variance of the 43 original variables, indicating adequate adjustment of the latent variables to their respective theoretical models. The extraction of the factors resulted in 11 constructs that were used to build the Rural Development Index (IDR) and enabled a classification in three levels of development (low, medium and high) among the different groups of municipalities. The results showed that the classification and the discrepant values in the rural development indexes reveal the heterogeneity of the Matopiba territory, not only from the point of view of socioeconomic formation, resulting from the laws of each state, as well as geographical and environmental aspects. In such a way that the dynamics of economic development advances unevenly and unbalanced over time.