Perfil sociodemográfico, condições de saúde e consumo alimentar de pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva coronariana de um hospital público de ensino

Abstract

Objective: to know the sociodemographic profile, such as health conditions and food consumption of patients admitted to a Coronary Intensive Care Unit of a public teaching hospital. Method: cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study, developed between November / 2019 and January / 2020, with 39 research participants. Information obtained in the electronic medical record and by interview, using a semi-structured instrument and questionnaire on the frequency of food consumption. Results: the average age was 59.5 years (± 14.3), with a predominance of the elderly, male, brown, married, retired / pensioner population, with low education and income, living with spouse or family, procedures in the urban area. Almost half presented alcohol consumption, with important frequency of smokers and former smokers. The practice of regular exercises was low (20.5%), despite the low percentage of functional disabilities (10.3%). There was a prevalence of body overweight for adults (58.8%) and the elderly (40.9%), and an important risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The main reason for hospitalization was acute myocardial infarction, with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) being the most prevalent: heart disease, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. As for food consumption, there was insufficient daily consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy products, rare consumption of oilseeds, extra virgin olive oil and whole grains, protectors of CVD and other NCDs. Conclusion: food consumption proved to be inadequate and with a high prevalence of risk factors for CVD, reinforcing the need for health care related to smoking cessation and alcoholism, regular physical exercise, weight control and encouraging healthy eating.