Produção, purificação, caracterização e aplicação do biossurfactante produzido por rhodotorula mucilaginosa de ambiente antártico

Abstract

The production of biosurfactants, comes from microorganisms that are biodegradable, biocompatible and have low toxicity. It was also observed that are stable under extreme conditions such as varying pH, temperature and salinity. The Antarctic environment has a huge diversity of well-adapted microorganisms. Their use as a source of stable bioproducts technology is opening up a new market that aims to isolate them and search that can be useful. The importance for the expansion of bioproducts is to reduce production costs and improving the utilization of biomass, especially the pineapple waste (Ananas comosus). This paper reports the evaluation of biosurfactant production by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa yeast isolated encoded Antarctica as L69. For yeast cultivation, YPD medium was used for pre inoculum, which was incubated for 72 hours at 15°C and 120 rpm. For the inoculum, the modified YPD medium with the best components analyzed for carbon and nitrogen source (pineapple extract, yeast extract, peptone and ammonium sulfate) were incubated for 24 hours at 15°C and 120 rpm was used. Six different biosurfactant extraction methodologies were studied and the methodology using cold acetone stood out with a yield of 27g.L-1 and 4.01 for standard deviation. For characterization of the biomolecule, the emulsification tests E24 were used, with 64.5% results remaining stable during the 30 days of analysis in the concentration of CMC and the surface tension test resulting in a CMC of 59.14g.L-1. As application was made the washing of soil contaminated with motor oil and for this experiment the result of 50% removal was obtained. After the evaluations it is concluded that this biosurfactant can have a high molecular mass, besides being able to act in the bioremediation as an adjuvant.