Biometria e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de três fabaceae nativas

Abstract

The knowledge of the characteristics of the fruits and seeds, together with the quality and vigor, of native species are extremely important for the success of restoration programs. The objective of the present study is to identify and know the physical characteristics in relation to the physiological quality of three forest species of the Fabaceae family. For that, fruits of E. speciosa, P. confertiflora and S.parahyba were collected and their dimensions of length, width and thickness were measured; analyzing the quality of the seeds and classifying them according to their vigor. For the water dynamics the seeds were divided into two treatments: a) without scarifying (TSE) and b) scarifying (TCE). 2,3,5 triphenyl tetrazolium salt at 1% was used to classify the seeds as viable or non-viable. They were placed to germinate collected seeds counting daily the germination, and at the end of the experiment, the emergence index and germination rate were calculated and the fresh and dry mass of the seedlings was made. The seeds of the species showed differences, showing the variability within the species itself that can be influenced by climatic and biotic factors, in addition to the genetics itself. The highest averages found for the three species were for length, which for S. parahyba was 29.24 mm, for P. confertiflora it was 19.58 mm and for E. speciosa it was 14.68 mm; the highest standard deviation was also for this characteristic, showing that there is a greater sample variance. Seeds from scarification treatment showed higher water absorption. Regarding seedling growth and dry mass, it is possible to conclude that the species invested more in root growth, since they need to establish themselves in the environment and are tropical species. Therefore, we can conclude that TBI was effective to achieve better physiological results, increasing germination, IVE and also seedling growth in E. speciosa and S. parahyba. The species P. confertiflora did not present satisfactory results in the tests due to the deterioration suffered during the storage.