Comparação entre os desfechos clínicos de recém-nascidos de baixo peso que ficaram internados em unidades de cuidado neonatal intermediário convencional versus canguru

Abstract

The Kangaroo Method is a care model focused on humanized care for low birth weight newborns and families. However, despite being a cheap and effective method, there are still barriers to its implementation. Thus, it is necessary to conduct research that proves the benefits of MC in Brazil, specifically in relation to the second step of the method. Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes - type of feeding, weight gain and length of stay - of newborns admitted to the Conventional Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit (UCINco) with those who were admitted to the Kangaroo Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit (UCINca). Method: This is a pilot study that is part of a large prospective cohort study with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire elaborated and documentary analysis in medical records. We included preterm newborn infants at birth weighing <1800g who were admitted to the neonatal units from October 30, 2018 to August 30, 2019. The 20 included PTNB were divided into two groups: those who were admitted to UCINca and those who stayed only at UCINco. Results: Exclusive breastfeeding rates were higher in infants admitted to the UCINca (28.57%), and no newborns admitted to this unit were discharged with the exclusive use of formulas. The discharge weight at UCINca (2070.7 ± 129.30) was lower when compared to UCINco (2380.8 ± 502.45), which proves earlier discharge and, consequently, shorter hospital stay (21 ± 12.15). Conclusion: MC promotes exclusive breastfeeding and favors early hospital discharge, that is, newborns who were admitted to the UCINca were discharged with less weight and had shorter hospital stays. As this is a pilot study, we suggest that further studies be conducted in the context of this theme.