Determinantes da garantia de fornecimento de matérias-primas na integração agricultura-agroindústria: o caso da produção de maracujá

Abstract

This paper aims to show the main determinants of the guarantee of raw material supply in the agriculture-agroindustry integration. First, a general analysis was made of how the integration contracts between agricultural producers and agroindustries are performed. From these considerations, we adopted the theoretical framework - Transaction Cost Economics - which, through its behavioral assumptions and transaction attributes, allowed to highlight the specificities of agro-industrial issues in the use of this theory. As a case study, we analyzed Fleischmann Royal Nabisco (Maguary) and its integrated passion fruit growers. The data and information obtained through applied questionnaires point to the fact that several elements should be considered, in light of the theory, as limited rationality, opportunism, uncertainty, frequency of transactions and specificity of the asset, and thus, several actions. taken to ensure stability in the supply of raw materials. In this sense, the main research results were; firm's preference for small producers with small planted areas, as the withdrawal of a producer does not compromise the guarantee of passion fruit supply; choosing producers who have diversification of their activities and dependent on the services provided by the integrator, such as technical assistance and transportation of the raw material from the property to the industry; among others. It was also observed that the stability of passion fruit supply is a function of several factors, among them: specificity of the productive structure, impossibility of the producer to store the production, spatialization of the production in order to reduce the negative impacts of agro-environmental conditions, large number where each producer accounts for a small portion of the production of passion fruit, etc.