Associação de marcadores inflamatórios e antioxidantes com excesso de peso em mulheres com câncer de mama submetidas à quimioterapia

Abstract

The most common type of cancer among women is breast cancer. Chronic inflammation and redox imbalance, ie imbalance in a biochemical system relative to its reduced state versus its oxidized state, are strongly influenced by diet and nutritional status as well as risk factors for tumor progression and metastasis processes. Antineoplastic chemotherapy (CT) is a treatment method for tumors that use chemotherapy agents with systemic action, which can cause adverse effects. However, the scientific community lacks data on the contribution of antioxidant nutrient intake, pro-inflammatory food intake, inflammatory markers and blood antioxidants to treatment success in women with breast cancer (BC) undergoing CT. Due to the complex relationship established between diet and cancer, studying the role of food components in the course of disease is of extreme relevance for better understanding the numerous individual functions and their combined effects, both beneficial and unhealthy. The objective of the study was to associate inflammatory and antioxidant markers with nutritional status in women with BC submitted to CT. This was a prospective study and the evaluations were performed with 55 women at three moments: T0, period after administration of the first CT cycle; T1, period after administration of the intermediate cycle; and T2, period after administration of the last CT cycle. Regarding the characterization of the study participants, 61.8% (n = 34) are postmenopausal women; 96.4% (n = 53) are cases of ductal carcinoma; 58.1% (n = 32) are luminal A / luminal B subtype; 25.4% (n = 14) were classified as clinical stage IIB; 58.2% (n = 32) were classified in histological grade G2; and at least 54.6% are overweight women. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the Total Antioxidant Capacity of the diet (CATd) were calculated as well as the individual consumption of antioxidants in the diet. An expressive reduction in the consumption of antioxidant nutrients was observed in women with BC in CT between T0 and T2 and an expressive increase in DII. The QLQ-C30 and its QLQ-Br23 breast cancer modulus were identified by means of the QLQ-Br23 modifying instruments, which were those women who had adverse effects (reduced appetite, nausea, constipation, dry mouth, taste disturbance) with no association with time of the CT, or associated to the CT time (vomit), presented lower CATd. At the end of CT (T2), blood samples were collected from patients, in which an association between lower levels of Glutathione Reductase (GR) and higher transleukin-1β (IL-1β) was found