A escolha da via de parto: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Birth is an event of great importance in the life of the woman, a moment that will always be marked in the memory of the woman, so the way the whole process happens - being fully experienced or in a traumatic way - is important. In view of the above, and the complexity of the subject involved, and considering that one of the justifications indicated that guide the high cesarean rates is the cesarean section at the request of the pregnant woman, this paper aims, from the literature review, to analyze and discuss the women's preference for the way of birth and associated factors. Methodology: This is an integrative review of the literature, based on the Evidence-Based Practice approach. A search was carried out in the computerized databases Virtual Health Library (VHL): LILACS, MEDLINE, BDEnf and SciELO Virtual Library, from 2014 to 2019. The guiding axis for the search were the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the guiding question, being selected 9 articles for the analysis. Results: Among the articles analyzed, authors and journals of the nursing area predominated, portraying several regions of Brazil, three in the south, three in Minas Gerais, one in Mato Grosso do Sul, one in Bahia, and one in Brazil . The design of qualitative research was predominant, and the samples ranged from 8 to 23,940, being only women. Conclusion: Through the review of the literature, it was possible to observe that the majority of women have the choice of normal birth, but many can’t achieve their desire due to influences and other associated factors. In view of the above, it is of utmost importance to provide adequate guidance on the part of the professionals, so that the woman has total autonomy to choose the best for herself and her child. A well-oriented woman about her choice of route is empowered for the process, she must also be translated by the team as protagonist, without directives and unnecessary interventions, so that she lives the good experience of a remarkable moment.