Otimização do projeto de fundações para melhoramento do desempenho de construções populares

Abstract

The foundation system in piled raft has been gradually employed and has become a relevant option in the design of foundation projects. Thus, in this system, one has the consideration of the block-soil contact. And, therefore, the load capacity of the set is the sum of the load capacity of the of the radier (block-ground contact) and the piles. However, piles can be used for the control of settlements, and the horizontal element, radier, is the main responsible for supporting the loads absorbed by the foundation. However, it should be noted that although the piles are cooperating little in the load capacity of the set, the arrangement and number of piles inserted in the foundation significantly interfere in the settling, helping to have a reduction of the total settlements. With this, the work analyzed a popular building, which uses an isolated radier foundation system, built on a low resistance soil. From this, the optimization was carried out, which, in general, aims to search for a better solution to a given problem. Thus, with the numerical simulation of this isolated radier in contrast to the simulation of 3 (three) piled rafts with 4, 9 and 16 piles, the variation of total settlements, differential settlements and how the load supported by the set radier plus piles. For this, a 7m x 7m radier with 0.1m high was used and the piles with 5m in length and 25cm in diameter, with different spacings for each case of analysis. Because it is a simplified analysis, numerical simulations were performed using the RS² tool that allows two-dimensional simulations on finite elements. With the results and analyzes of this work, it can be concluded that with the introduction of piles there is a reduction of the settlements and this reduction is directly related to the number of piles and their distribution in the foundation. As a consequence, there will be a better performance of isolated radier foundations for popular buildings built on low resistance ground, as was the case for numerical modeling, if using, instead of this type of foundation system, the piled raft system, evaluating the ideal number and distribution for the piles.