Análise dos indicadores de sustentabilidade em projetos de aterros sanitários brasileiros

Abstract

Climate change began to be perceived in the 19th century, being a product of CO2 emissions. In 1997, several countries met in Japan where they signed the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement that delimits greenhouse gas emission reduction targets (GHGs), and encourages the development of sustainable technologies. The CDM is one of the flexibility instruments established by the Kyoto Protocol, the objective of which is to assist the achievement of GHG emission reduction targets. Through the CDM, companies that do not have the interest or are unable to reduce can acquire the credits, by purchasing CERs from developing countries, through GHG mitigation projects. In Brazil, there are currently 58 CDM projects developed in landfills, whose objective is to reduce GHG emissions by mitigating CH4 emissions. The objective of this study was to investigate whether Brazilian landfill projects in CDM can be qualified as sustainable in the dissemination of their data, analyzing environmental, social and economic indicators. The study is called qualitative descriptive and the procedure method is the classical content analysis. The survey of the indicators started from the one proposed by Takimura (2009), and when comparing the data of the projects with the indicators analyzed, it was not possible to determine their sustainability. And with this, as previously proposed by the authors, the sustainability criteria of the one described in Resolution n.1, No. 1, of 11 Sept. 2003, from the Global Climate Change Interministerial Commission. Even so, it was not possible to verify the sustainability, identifying the economic bias of the conception of the projects.