Qualidade ambiental em unidades básicas de saúde: estudo de caso da UBSF Canaã II em Uberlândia-MG

Abstract

The Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) is an international reference model due to its reach and diversity of health services offered to the population. However, the system still faces some difficulties. One of the main problems is the poor quality of the physical structures of most public health care facilities (EAS). In recent years, special efforts have been made by the government to improve those places, focusing on the Family Health Units (UBSF), since it is the correspondent of basic attention, a priority foundation for all health policies in Brazil. In spite of the efforts, there is still a lack of parameters and specific instruments in order to evaluate the environment quality of those buildings, both those in use and those in the process of creation. Thus, this research aims to discuss those problems through a pilot Post-Occupation Evaluation (APO), applied in a Family Health Unit located in Canaã II, in Uberlândia (MG). The methodology consisted in the creation of an evaluation instrument, using multiple investigation methods in terms of environmental, functional and comfort aspects. This instrument was structured in two parts: the technical factor performed by the researcher, based on pre-stablished parameters; and the user satisfaction, strict to employees, and also with stablished parameters, although conceived under a more subjective approach. This structure enabled the identification of positive and negative aspects of the building, drawing up recommendation for the latter. Results indicated positive and negative aspects in the unit. The positive aspects suggested a good environmental quality while the negative ones suggested problems related to the environment sizing and comfort, among others. Based on this analysis, recommendations were formulated for both the object of study and similar future developments, in order to ensure that these facilities are the ideal aid to provide proper health services requested by all users.