Projeto e sintonização de controladores digitais tipo PID: controle automático de temperatura em uma unidade de secagem

Abstract

In industries, the technique of PID control in the operation of various equipment and industrial routines has become frequent. The implementation of this technique enables a highly efficient process, in addition to lower costs. However, for the sake of the viability of the control technique, the controller must have a quick response to the process disturbances, avoid large oscillations in the system during its adjustment and guarantee the stability of the controlled variable with the desired setpoint. Therefore, the control’s tuning must be done properly and the system’s indicators must be properly calibrated. The work presented is the study of a drying unit present in the Faculty of Chemical Engineering’s laboratories from the Federal University of Uberlândia. It aims to calibrate its sensors with trend lines from the data collected from the experiment and perform the temperature controller tuning based on the process reaction curve method in openloop. The tuning methods known in the literature, such as Ziegler-Nicholson, Chien-Hrones-Reswick, Cohen-Coon, integral of the absolute error and the internal model control were used in this study. Lastly, this research also studied the experimental unit to propose improvements in its operation and generate an appropriate operation manual, with the purpose at its use by the Faculty students in the disciplines applied in the laboratory.