Avaliação biomecânica do membro inferior durante salto vertical em atletas com instabilidade crônica de tornozelo

Abstract

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a commonly observed condition in jumpers and, among the changes seen in affected individuals, the biomechanical changes of the lower limb stand out due to the high impact movements and the changes in energy dissipation in the joints that occur during a jump. Therefore, the objective of the study was to verify if there is difference in the electromyographic activity of the muscles of the lower limbs of healthy athletes and with CAI during the phase of propulsion and landing of a unipodal jump. We selected 37 volleyball and basketball athletes, who according to the research criteria were divided into groups with CAI and control. An electromyographic evaluation of the gluteus medius (GMed), rectus femoris (RF), tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) muscles was performed on a force platform, in which three vertical jumps unipodal, then arranged for analysis. Considering the results, the CAI group in the landing phase presented an increase in electromyographic RF activity, and during the propulsion phase a decreased activation of GMed, RF, PL and GL, when compared to the control group. Therefore, athletes with CAI show a change in the amplitude of activation and neuromuscular control of the lower limb during a maximum unipodal vertical jump, when compared to healthy athletes.