Lesão cervical não cariosa, hipersensibilidade dentinária cervical e recessão gengival: prevalência, fatores de risco e qualidade de vida em atletas com deficiência

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and the risk factors of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL), cervical dentin hypersensitivity (CDH), and gingival recession (GR) in athletes with disabilities, and verify if the presence of these conditions influence in their quality of life. An observational analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with 95 athletes from Uberlândia, MG, Brazil, who answered a questionnaire about the presence of some risk factors such as gastric diseases, parafunctional habits, acidic diet; and about their quality of life (OHIP-14). The sports modalities of the sample were: powerlifting, athletics, swimming and boccia. A clinical evaluation was performed to detect malocclusion, periodontal disease, NCCL, CDH and GR. The data were submitted to bivariate analysis (Pearson’s Chi-square) and to a multivariate model (Binary Logistic Regression) to verify association between the dependent and independent variables (α=0.05).The results showed that the prevalence of NCCL, CDH and GR was 63.2%, 60%, 57.9% respectively, and their prevalence increased with the age. The tooth more affected was the premolar. A significant difference was found between the presence of wedge-shaped and saucer-shaped lesions in the powerlifting modality, which also was a risk group for CDH and GR. The higher OHIP score was associated with the presence of NCCL and GR.It was concluded that the age was an important factor related to the prevalence of NCCL, CDH and GR, which had concomitant prevalence. Athletes from powerlifting trend to develop wedge-shaped lesions. The presence of NCCL and GR demonstrated negative impact on quality of life of the athletes evaluated.