Plantas de cobertura para o Cerrado Mineiro e sistemas de cultivo sobre as características agronômicas da soja

Abstract

The system of conventional planting of the soil is a practice that can cause damages by the rotation of the superficial layers. However, no-tillage system is a form of conservation soil management, which can be associated with the use of soil cover plants. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different cover crops and soil cultivation systems on the agronomic characteristics of soybean in Cerrado Mineiro. The experiment was carried out in experimental area of ​​the Federal University of Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo campus, MG. Crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), Feijão Guandu (Cajanus cajan), LabLab (Dolichos lablab), Milheto (Pennisetum glaucum), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and fallow were also planted in November 2015. spontaneous plants). In the following agricultural year 2016/2017, in October 2016, two types of soil preparation, conventional planting (two harrowing) and no-tillage with the sowing of soybean SYN 1562 IPRO * were carried out. The agronomic characteristics evaluated were: plant height at 30 days after emergence, final plant height, height of the first pod, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and productivity (kg ha-1). In the no-tillage system, the largest soybean plants were obtained after growing crotalaria, pigeon peas and millet. In conventional plantation, the highest values ​​were with crotalaria, millet and sorghum. The number of pods per plant was higher in conventional planting than in no - tillage. The use of crotalaria and pigeon pea provided more pods per plant. The use of cover crops, crotalaria, pigeon pea and millet favored the productivity of the soybeans in rotation, regardless of the cropping system.