A experiência de conflitos com a lei na adolescência: ato infracional, reinserção social e projeto de vida

Abstract

Historically, social representations of the infraction has emphasized the author's personality, obliterating the function of social conditions, institutions related to punishment, and social categorization of the idea of criminality, as well as emphasizing punitive feature and state control over poor populations to the prejudice of right’s warrant. In this perspective, this work purpose to perceive the experience of a person who has managed to leave the cycle of violence reproduction, breaching with the involvement in situations of conflict with the law. In the first moment, an articulation between the documentary analysis of the “Código de menores” and the review of scientific literature on the subject was carried out, aiming to understand how the State has been treating and charging the "minor" author of an infraction in Brazil. Then, a case study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with the participant. Testimony analysis was performed based on the proposal of phenomenological hermeneutics. The analysis of the testimony points out important aspects to be considered both in the prevention of entry into criminality by children and adolescents, as well as in resocialization, among them the naturalization of violence in daily school life; the phenomenon of social humiliation as a weakening of the educational and protective function of the family; the concept of "respect" for criminality as a protector from social humiliation and an element of group recognition in popular schools; the paradoxical condition of deprivation of freedom as a perception of risk, but absent of resocializing possibilities. It was possible to perceive the description of a social perspective that directs adolescents strongly towards violence, and that the construction of an alternative path is precarious and too dependent on individual actions in the enormous gap left by State policies.