A atuação da Organização das Nações Unidas na construção do marco normativo para empresas e direitos humanos

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to understand how the United Nations Organization, since its creation in 1945, has developed its activities in an active way regarding the accountability of companies for human rights violations. A historical, theoretical and bibliographic approach was adopted, including an analysis of norms, institutions and bodies related to the topic. The method used is the deductive and used the use of bibliographic research, supplemented by documentary analysis. The research shows that the construction of the normative framework for business and human rights undertaken by the United Nations began in the 1960s, through various initiatives, even by other international organizations. The development of voluntary initiatives characterized as corporate social responsibility. Of particular note is the mandate of the Special Representative on Business and Human Rights, John Ruggie, as the main articulator of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, which has had repercussions both in the internal sphere of the UN, through new Human Rights Council and also in the proposal to advance discussions through the creation of an international treaty. These initiatives are reflected in Brazil through the Universal Periodic Review, whose recommendations highlight the country's need to implement Guiding Principles measures, which has shown some results under the responsibility of the Ministry of Human Rights.