Desempenho agronômico, diversidade genética e recomendações de hibridações em soja para resistência à ferrugem asiática

Abstract

The soy is the main culture of Brazilian agribusiness, being of great importance to the country's economy. However, many influence the development of this culture, among them, the asian culture. In this context, the work was evaluated agronomic performance, genetic diversification, and recommended soybean for resistance to asian rust. The experiment was carried out in an experimental area of ​​Fazenda Capim Branco belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU). A total of 32 genotypes were evaluated, including 30 strains developed by the UFU Genetic Improvement Program and two cultivars (BRSGO 7560 and TMG 801) in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Genetic variability was verified for all analyzed agronomic traits. The PCG, NDF and NDM presented H2 above 89%. The genotypes UFUS G1, UFUS G22, UFUS G5 and UFUS G8 showed high grain yield, exceeding 4000 kg ha-1. The genotypes were grouped by the UPGMA and Tocher methods, in which they were divided into five distinct groups. The PCG was the most important contributor to genetic diversity. Promising hybridizations for obtaining Asian rust tolerant populations are BRSGO 7560 with UFUS G1, UFUS G5, UFUS G8, UFUS G22, and TMG 801 with UFUS G14, UFUS G29 and UFUS G23.