Narrativas de trabalhadoras rurais na cafeicultura da Região do Cerrado Mineiro: explorando as fissuras do colonialismo

Abstract

The main objective of this dissertation is to analyze how gender relations are manifested in the narratives of rural women workers in coffee production in the Cerrado Mineiro Region. The notion of genders we adopt is defended in a postcolonial perspective, enabling us to identify, understand and try to disrupt the unequal social relations experienced by these rural workers, which are the result of social constructions, based on sexual, cultural, racial and ethnic differences. of social classes. The postcolonial perspective theorizes about positions and relationships of heterogeneous subjects, such as black women and women, who are divergent from racial images and genres produced by Western knowledge (CALÁS, SMIRCICH, 1999). Through this approach, it is possible to create a space so that groups considered subaltern, living in conditions of silence, being legitimized by other people who take their places in public spaces, speak for themselves (SPIVAK, 2010). In this way, we seek to create, through this dissertation, a space for rural women working in coffee production in the Cerrado Mineiro region to speak for themselves, telling their trajectories, experiences and expectations. This research is empirical, classified, respectively, as regards the objectives and approach, as descriptive and qualitative, being located in the matrix proposed by Alvesson and Deetz (1999) in the Dialogical Studies quadrant. The empirical material analyzed through the Critical Discourse Analysis (ACD), using the three-dimensional model of Fairclough (2001), consists of narrative interviews conducted with 14 rural workers in coffee growing in the Cerrado Mineiro region, represented here by the municipalities of Patrocínio, Carmo of Paranaíba and Monte Carmelo. The analyzes carried out are based on three configurations present in the relations of genera, defined based on the main issues discussed in the postcolonial theory: Identities; Inequalities and Coloniality Together, the analyzes of the narratives of rural women interviewed allowed us to explore the fissures of colonialism present in the relationships and contexts in which they are inserted. These analyzes suggest that gender relations are manifested through inheritances of colonialism that stigmatize those interviewed; inequalities; differences of genders, races and social classes, being present in the work contexts; domestic environments and society. These results are naturalized and incorporated into the discursive and social practices of rural women interviewed. We understand, therefore, that the gender relations discussed in this paper remain on the influence of the power that society, men and women exert on other women, representing an inheritance of colonialism.