Potencial de diferenciação óssea das células-tronco mesenquimais do tecido adiposo humano associadas à nanopartículas de dióxido de titânio

Abstract

Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into cells of the mesodermal lineage. Because of easy retrieval of adipose tissue and high yield of stem cells, this tissue has been used for many studies in clinical application and tissue engineering, mainly to bone regeneration. Nanotechnology has been used for tissue engineering too, where nanoparticles and nanostructures are promising for bone repair. In this way, this work aimed to evaluate the potential of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2) to influence bone differentiation. CTM-TAs were isolated non-enzymatically from lipoaspirate material, and characterized. After were separated into three groups: Control (cultured with DMEM low glucose medium), Osteogenic Medium (Cultivated with DMEM medium supplemented with β-glicerophosphate, ascorbic acid and dexamethasone) and Osteogenic Medium with TiO2 Nanoparticles (osteogenic DMEM plus synthesized nanoparticles at 650 ° C at the concentration of 5 μg / ml, previously characterized). The groups were submitted to quantification of Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme (ALP) and Alizarin Red deposition on the mineralized matrix at 7, 14 and 21 days. In the first time no signification difference of ALP was observed in any of the groups, and Alizarin Red remained low. Macroscopically and Microscopically it was not possible to observe deposition. At 14 days the quantification of both groups, Osteogenic Medium with and without nanoparticles, increased ALP and Alizarin Red compared with the control group, but they did not show any difference between them. At 21 days, the measurements of the two tests also increased, but the group treated with the nanoparticles showed better results. Thus, these results suggest that TiO2 NPs influence the bone regeneration process.