Os efeitos da musicoterapia nos usuários do SUS: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Music therapy is a professional practice in which music is used as a therapeutic intervention in different health services, with the aim of contributing to the improvement of patients. The present study aimed to identify in the scientific literature the effects of music therapy on users of the Unified Health System. This is an integrative review of the literature in the LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE databases, from January 2007 to September of 2017. We found 78 articles, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 articles were selected for the analysis. Most of the studies analyzed were of the qualitative type, performed by nurses and developed in tertiary care. It was possible to group the findings of the effects of music therapy into two distinct categories: (1) music therapy and its physiological effects and, (2) music therapy and its emotional and behavioral effects. The music ends up stimulating and inhibiting regions of the brain responsible for the production of neurotransmitters that act in the body regulating the sensations and emotions, important factors and strongly related to human behavior. Thus, music therapy provides important systemic effects, and nurses have been shown to be the main mediator of the relationship between music therapy and health, facilitating the reception and integral care of the patient. However, more studies involving music therapy and nursing should be performed later to better approach the theme, especially at the national level.