O ativismo e a pena de morte no SIDH: estudos de casos que têm Estados Unidos, Jamaica e Bahamas como violadores

Abstract

This paper aims to present the results of the study of human rights violations' profile about death penalty against the United States, Bahamas and Jamaica in the Inter-American Human Rights System (IAHRS). It also analyzes the staging of transnational advocacy networks in the mobilization of international norms in the dispute about the application of the death penalty in the States studied. The research is an extension of the study about the United States in the IAHRS within the ambit of the Núcleo de Pesquisa e Estudos em Direitos Humanos (NUPEDH-IERIUFU), in a joint activity to the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para estudos sobre os Estados Unidos (INCT/INEU). The methodology used is an empirical study based on the qualitative and quantitative study of the official documents produced by IACHR related to the system of individual petitions on human rights violations. This research works with the hypothesis that the boomerang/spiral strategy and the socialization process of the norms allow to explain the activism around the death penalty in the United States as well as in Jamaica and in Bahamas, as well as the action of the litigating movements in networks against the death penalty. We conclude that the hypothesis applies only to the US cases, identifying a different activism dynamic in the Caribbean countries.