Prevalência de canais e raízes extras em molares inferiores numa população brasileira

Abstract

Introduction: Dental anomalies are one of the main causes of endodontic treatments’ difficulties. Many studies have been made to enlarge the knowlegde of those, since anatomic patterns to instrumentation techniques. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of extra canals and roots in mandibular first and second molars, as relate it with patient’s age and sex, type of treatment, type of tooth and use of dental operating microscope. Materials and Methods: Five hundred and fifty teeth from 519 patiets’ dental records and its digital radiographies were analyzed. All treatments were done by the same endodontist over the years of 2006-2016. The cases were divided into: group SCG- teeth with a Standart Canals’ number (1 to 3 canals), group DCG- teeth with Distal root’s extra Canal, group MCG- teeth with Mesial root’s extra Canal and group CRG- teeth with Canal on a extra Root. Results were statistically analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results: The prevalence of teeth with three or less root canals were 58,9% (n=324)m and 41,1% (n=226) for teeth with four or five root canals. Distal root’s extra canal, mesial root’s extra canal and extra roots had, respectively, the prevalence of 39,65%, 2,9% and 3,64%. Case analysis revealed a significant difference over patient’s age (> 40 years old) and type of tooth (first molars) only on DCG’s group. The use of dental operating microscope was determinant for locating extra canals on MCG’s group. Sex and type of treatment showed no significant results. Conclusion: Distal root’s extra canals are most common than mesial root’s extra canal and extra roots, also are more often found in younger patients (< 40 years old) and first molars. The use of dental operating microscope increased the ability to locate mesial root’s extra canal.